The Met Office, in Exeter, is holding the round-table talks to look at why the UK has been hit by weather extremes in the past few years, with around 20 experts from UK academic institutions attending.
It stages regular workshops on a range of issues across weather and climate science. However, Tuesday's meeting is the first where the series of unusual seasons will be the only item on the agenda.
Discussions will centre around whether they are the result of natural variations or linked to impacts of climate change, such as melting Arctic sea ice which could be influencing weather.
Stephen Belcher, head of the Met Office's Hadley Centre and chairman of next week's workshop, said collaboration was integral to its work at the forefront of research on weather and climate.
"We have seen a run of unusual seasons in the UK and Northern Europe, such as the cold winter of 2010, last year's wet weather and the cold spring this year," he said.
"This may be nothing more than a run of natural variability, but there may be other factors impacting our weather.
"For example, there is emerging research which suggests there is a link between declining Arctic sea ice and European climate – but exactly how this process might work, and how important it may be among a host of other factors, remains unclear.
"The Met Office is running a workshop to bring together climate experts from across the UK to look at these unusual seasons, the possible causes behind them, and how we can learn more about those drivers of our weather.
"This will continue the UK's world class research effort to understand more about the drivers of monthly to seasonal climate across Europe."
The Westcountry has borne the brunt of some of the country's worst weather in recent years, with heavy rain and flooding, in particular, causing major damage.
December 2010 was the coldest in Devon and Cornwall since records began 100 years ago – beating the previous low set in 1933.
The average temperature for Devon was just 0.6C (33F), beating the 1933 record of 1.5C (34.7F). In Cornwall the average temperature was 2.4C (36.3F) beating the former record of 2.9C (37.2F).
Last year was the third wettest since records began in 1910. The total rainfall for 2012 was 1,574mm (62ins) across the whole of the region – falling short of the 1,591mm (62.6ins) recorded in 1960 and 1,584mm (62.4ins) in 2000.
Earlier this month the Met Office said below average temperatures throughout March, April and May made it the fifth coldest spring in national records dating back to 1910 and the coldest spring since 1962.
The weather has proved particularly problematic for the farming industry which is thought to have lost £1.3 billion because of last year's wet weather.
The National Farmers' Union (NFU) said record rainfall cost the industry £600 million in lost output from poor wheat and potato harvests while another £700 million was lost in extra costs such as feeding cattle unable to graze in water-logged fields.
The NFU recently warned that this year's wheat harvests are likely to be around 30% lower than last year as a result of the extreme weather over winter, making it the second below-average harvest in as many years.
David George, spokesman for the NFU in the South West, said the industry had suffered across the board.
But he added: "Although the weather has been a bit unpredictable in recent years, farmers have been coping with the weather since Adam was a boy.
"They are not hapless victims of whatever the weather throws at them. There are things that are being done in terms of resilience of water supplies and advances in crop technology. If the Met Office can help us understand what is going on with the seasonal weather, then all the better."
The weather has taken its toll on the region's flora and fauna too. Earlier this week the British Beekeepers Association said almost half of honeybee colonies in the South West – the worst rate in the country – did not survive the winter following last year's wash-out summer.
Nationally, colony losses more than doubled, from 16% in 2012 to 34%, with wet summer weather preventing honeybees from foraging and gathering pollen.
